Arm (Permafrost)
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Synonyms: Brachium, Humerus, ulna, Upper limb, Antebrachium, bicep, forearm, wrist, radius, shoulder, upper arm, lower arm, tricep
Summary
The Arms (Brachium) are two upper body limbs that consist of three bones, three joints, and three main muscle groups each.
Basics
The arm is made up of the humerus (upper arm), radius, and ulna bones (both bones in the forearm). Major joints include the shoulder, elbow, and wrist. These joints allow the arm to stretch and contract.
Functions
The human arm allows you to grab, throw, lift, push, and pull.
Basic Shapes
To build an arm there are two important and simple shapes you should use.
- Circle (shoulders)
- Cylinders (upper and lower arm)
The circle (shoulder) serves as a sort of hinge where the upper arm can connect to the torso.
The cylinders (upper and lower arm) ensure that the arms dont look floppy since they can also serve as place holders for where the bones should be. For the lower arm, one cylinder is also enough to give the arm proper structure.
Reminder: These shapes can vary is size depending on the body type being drawn.
Advanced
Everything beyond the basics
Joints
Shoulder (Ball and Socket): The shoulder can move in any direction including: forward, backwards (if you're flexible enough), up, and down.
Elbow (Hinge and Pivot): The elbow is the hinge point between the upper arm and the lower arm. The elbow should also stick out of the arm for extra definition
